The Difference Between Macro and Micro Sociology

Though they are often framed as opposing approaches, macro- and microsociology are actually complementary approaches to studying society, and necessarily so. Macrosociology refers to sociological approaches and methods that examine large-scale patterns and trends within the overall social structure, system, and population. Often macrosociology is theoretical in nature, too. On the other hand, microsociology focuses on smaller groups, patterns, and trends, typically at the community level and in the context of the everyday lives and experiences of people. These are complementary approaches because at its core, sociology is about understanding the way large-scale patterns and trends shape the lives and experiences of groups and individuals, and vice versa. The difference between macro- and microsociology include: Which research questions can be addressed at each levelWhat methods one can use to pursue these questionsWhat it means practically speaking to do the researchWhat kinds of conclusions can be reached with either Research Questions Macrosociologists will ask the big questions that often result in both research conclusions and new theories, like these: In what ways has race shaped the character, structure, and development of U.S. society? Sociologist Joe Feagin poses this question at the beginning of his book,  Systemic Racism.Why do most Americans feel an undeniable urge to shop, even though we have so much stuff already, and are cash-strapped despite working long hours? Sociologist Juliet Schor examines this question in her classic book of economic and consumer sociology, The Overspent American. Microsociologists  tend to ask more localized, focused questions that examine the lives of smaller groups of people. For example: What effect does the presence of police in schools and communities have on the personal development and life paths of black and Latino boys who grow up in inner-city neighborhoods? Sociologist Victor Rios addresses this question in his celebrated book,  Punished: Policing the Lives of Black and Latino Boys.How do sexuality and gender intersect in the development of identity among boys in the context of high school? This question is at the center of sociologist C.J. Pascoes widely popular book,  Dude, Youre a Fag: Masculinity and Sexuality in High School. Research Methods Macrosociologists Feagin and Schor, among many others, use a combination of historical and archival research, and analysis of statistics that span long periods in order to construct data sets that show how the social system and the relationships within it have evolved over time to produce the society we know today. Additionally, Schor employs interviews and focus groups, more commonly used in microsociological research, to make smart connections between historical trends, social theory, and the way people experience their everyday lives. Microsociologists—Rios, and Pascoe included—typically use research methods that involve direct interaction with research participants, like one-on-one interviews, ethnographic observation, focus groups, as well as smaller-scale statistical and historical analyses. To address their research questions, both Rios and Pascoe embedded in the communities they studied and became parts of the lives of their participants, spending a year or more living among them, seeing their lives and interactions with others firsthand, and speaking with them about their experiences. Research Conclusions Conclusions born of macrosociology often demonstrate correlation or causation between different elements or phenomena within society. For example, Feagins research, which also produced the theory of systemic racism, demonstrates how white people in the United States, both knowingly and otherwise, constructed and have maintained over centuries a racist social system by keeping control of core social institutions like politics, law, education, and media, and by controlling economic resources and limiting their distribution among people of color. Feagin concludes that all of these things working together have produced the racist social system that characterizes the United States today. Microsociological research, due to its smaller-scale, is more likely to yield the suggestion of correlation or causation between certain things, rather than prove it outright. What it does yield, and quite effectively, is proof of how social systems affect the lives and experiences of people who live within them. Though her research is limited to one high school in one place for a fixed amount of time, Pascoes work compellingly demonstrates how certain social forces, including mass media, pornography, parents, school administrators, teachers, and peers come together to produce messages to boys that the right way to be masculine is to be strong, dominant, and compulsively heterosexual. Both Valuable Though they take very different approaches to studying society, social problems, and people, macro- and microsociology both yield deeply valuable research conclusions that aid our ability to understand our social world, the problems that course through it, and the potential solutions to them.

Philip Zimbardo and the Stanford Prison Experiment

Philip G. Zimbardo, born March 23, 1933, is an influential social psychologist.  He is best known for the influential—yet controversial—study known   as the â€Å"Stanford Prison Experiment,† a study in which research participants were â€Å"prisoners† and â€Å"guards† in a mock prison. In addition to the Stanford Prison Experiment, Zimbardo has worked on a wide range of research topics and has written over 50 books and published over 300 articles. Currently, he is a professor emeritus at Stanford University and president of the Heroic Imagination Project, an organization aimed at increasing heroic behavior among everyday people. Early Life and Education Zimbardo was born in 1933 and grew up in the South Bronx in New York City. Zimbardo writes  that living in an impoverished neighborhood as a child influenced his interest in psychology: â€Å"My interest in understanding the dynamics of human aggression and violence stems from early personal experiences† of living in a rough, violent neighborhood. Zimbardo credits his teachers with helping to encourage his interest in school and motivating him to become successful. After graduating from high school, he attended Brooklyn College, where he graduated in 1954 with a triple major in psychology, anthropology, and sociology. He studied psychology in graduate school at Yale, where he earned his MA in 1955 and his PhD in 1959.  After graduating, Zimbardo taught at Yale, New York University, and Columbia, before moving to Stanford in 1968. The Stanford Prison Study In 1971, Zimbardo conducted his most famous and controversial study—the Stanford Prison Experiment. In this study, college-age men participated in a mock prison. Some  of the men were randomly chosen to be prisoners and even went through mock â€Å"arrests† at their homes by local police before being brought to the mock prison on the Stanford campus. The other participants were chosen to be prison guards. Zimbardo assigned himself the role of the superintendent of the prison. Although the study was originally planned to last two weeks, it was ended early—after just six days—because events at the prison took an unexpected turn. The guards began to act in cruel, abusive ways towards prisoners and forced them to engage in degrading and humiliating behaviors. Prisoners in the study began to show signs of depression, and some even experienced nervous breakdowns. On the fifth day of the study, Zimbardo’s girlfriend at the time, psychologist Christina Maslach, visited the mock prison and was shocked by what she saw.  Maslach (who is now Zimbardo’s wife) told him, â€Å"You know what, its terrible what youre doing to those boys.†Ã‚  After seeing the events of the prison from an outside perspective, Zimbardo stopped the study. The Prison Experiment’s Impact Why did people behave the way they did in the prison experiment? What was it about the experiment that made the prison guards behave so differently from how they did in everyday life? According to Zimbardo, the Stanford Prison Experiment speaks to the powerful way that social contexts can shape our actions and cause us to behave in ways that would have been unthinkable to us even a few short days before. Even Zimbardo himself found that his behavior changed when he took on the role of prison superintendent. Once he identified with his role, he found that he had trouble recognizing the abuses happening in his own prison: â€Å"I lost my sense of compassion,†Ã‚  he explains in an interview with Pacific Standard. Zimbardo explains that the prison experiment offers a surprising and unsettling finding about human nature. Because our behaviors are partially determined by the systems and situations we find ourselves in, we are capable of behaving in unexpected and alarming ways in extreme situations. He explains that, although people like to think of their behaviors as relatively stable and predictable, we sometimes act in ways that surprise even ourselves.  Writing about the prison experiment in The New Yorker, Maria Konnikova offers another possible explanation for the results: she suggests that the environment of the prison was a powerful situation, and that people often change their behavior to match what they think is expected of them in situations such as this. In other words, the prison experiment shows that our behavior can change drastically depending on the environment we find ourselves in. Critiques of the Prison Experiment Although the Stanford Prison Experiment has had a significant influence (it was even the inspiration for a film), some people have questioned the validity of the experiment. Instead of simply being an outside observer of the study, Zimbardo served as the prison superintendent and had one of his students serve as the prison warden. Zimbardo himself has admitted that he regrets being the prison superintendent and should have remained more objective. In a 2018 article for Medium, writer Ben Blum argues that the study suffers from several key flaws. First, he reports that several of the prisoners claimed being unable to leave the study (Zimbardo denies this allegation). Second, he suggests that Zimbardo’s student David Jaffe (the prison warden) may have influenced the behavior of the guards by encouraging them to treat prisoners more harshly. It’s been pointed out that the Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrates the importance of reviewing the ethics of each research project before the study goes forward, and for researchers to think carefully about the study methods that they use. However, despite the controversies, the Stanford Prison Experiment raises a fascinating question: how much does the social context influence our behavior? Other Work by Zimbardo After conducting the Stanford Prison Experiment, Zimbardo went on to conduct research on several other topics, such as how we think about time  and how people can overcome shyness.   Zimbardo has also worked to share his research with audiences outside of academia. In 2007, he wrote The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil, based on what he learned about human nature through his research in the Stanford Prison Experiment. In 2008, he wrote The Time Paradox: The New Psychology of Time That Will Change Your Life about his research on time perspectives. He has also hosted a series of educational videos titled Discovering Psychology. After the humanitarian abuses at Abu Ghraib came to light, Zimbardo has also spoken about the causes of abuse in prisons. Zimbardo was an expert witness  for one of the guards at Abu Ghraib, and he explained that he believed the cause of events at the prison were systemic.  In other words, he argues that, rather than being due to the behavior of a â€Å"few bad apples,† the abuses at Abu Ghraib occurred because of the system organizing the prison.  In a 2008 TED talk, he explains why he believes the events occurred at Abu Ghraib: â€Å"If you give people power without oversight, its a prescription for abuse.†Ã‚  Zimbardo has also spoken about the need for prison reform in order to prevent future abuses at prisons: for example, in a 2015 interview with Newsweek, he explained the importance of having better oversight of prison guards in order to prevent abuses from happening at prisons. Recent Research: Understanding Heroes One of Zimbardo’s most recent projects involves researching the psychology of heroism.   Why is it that some people are willing to risk their own safety to help others, and how can we encourage more people to stand up to injustice? Although the prison experiment shows how situations can powerfully shape our behavior, Zimbardo’s current research suggests that challenging situations don’t always cause us to behave in antisocial ways. Based on  his research on heroes, Zimbardo writes that difficult situations can sometimes actually cause people to act as heroes:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"A key insight from research on heroism so far is that the very same situations that inflame the hostile imagination in some people, making them villains, can also instill the heroic imagination in other people, prompting them to perform heroic deeds.†Ã‚   Currently, Zimbardo is president of the Heroic Imagination Project, a program that works to study heroic behavior and train people in strategies to behave heroically. Recently, for example, he has studied the frequency of heroic behaviors and the factors that cause people to act heroically. Importantly, Zimbardo has found from this research that everyday people can behave in heroic ways. In other words, despite the results of the Stanford Prison Experiment, his research has shown that negative behavior isn’t inevitable—instead, we are also capable of using challenging experiences as an opportunity to behave in ways that help other people. Zimbardo writes, â€Å"Some people argue humans are born good or born bad; I think that’s nonsense. We are all born with this tremendous capacity to be anything.† References Bekiempis, Victoria.   â€Å"What Philip Zimbardo and the Stanford Prison Experiment Tell Us About the Abuse of Power.†Ã‚   Newsweek, 4 Aug. 2015, www.newsweek.com/stanford-prison-experiment-age-justice-reform-359247.Blum, Ben. â€Å"The Lifespan of a Lie.† Medium: Trust Issues. https://medium.com/s/trustissues/the-lifespan-of-a-lie-d869212b1f62.Kilkenny, Katie.   â€Å"‘It’s Painful’: Dr. Philip Zimbardo Revisits the Stanford Prison Experiment.†Ã‚   Pacific Standard, 20 Jul. 2015, psmag.com/social-justice/philip-zimbardo-revisits-the-stanford-prison-experiment.Konnikova, Maria.   â€Å"The Real Lesson of the Stanford Prison Experiment.†Ã‚   The New Yorker, 12 June 2015, www.newyorker.com/science/maria-konnikova/the-real-lesson-of-the-stanford-prison-experiment.â€Å"Philip G. Zimbardo: Stanford Prison Experiment.†Ã‚   Stanford Libraries, exhibits.stanford.edu/spe/about/philip-g-zimbardo.Ratnesar, Romesh.   â€Å"The Men ace Within.†Ã‚   Stanford Alumni, July/Aug. 2011, alumni.stanford.edu/get/page/magazine/article/?article_id40741.Slavich, George M.   â€Å"On 50 Years of Giving Psychology Away: An Interview with Philip Zimbardo.†Ã‚   Teaching of Psychology, vol. 36, no. 4, 2009, pp. 278-284, DOI: 10.1080/00986280903175772, www.georgeslavich.com/pubs/Slavich_ToP_2009.pdf.Toppo, Greg. â€Å"Time to Dismiss the Stanford Prison Experiment?† Inside Higher Ed,  2018, June 20,  https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2018/06/20/new-stanford-prison-experiment-revelations-question-findings.Zimbardo, Philip G.   â€Å"Philip G. Zimbardo.†Ã‚   Social Psychology Network, 8 Sep. 2016, zimbardo.socialpsychology.org/.Zimbardo, Philip G.   â€Å"The Psychology of Evil.†Ã‚   TED, Feb. 2008, www.ted.com/talks/philip_zimbardo_on_the_psychology_of_evil.Zimbardo, Philip G.   â€Å"The Psychology of Time.†Ã‚   TED, Feb. 2009, www.ted.com/talks/philip_zimbardo_prescribes_ a_healthy_take_on_time.Zimbardo, Philip G.   â€Å"What Makes a Hero?†Ã‚   Greater Good Science Center, 18 Jan. 2011, greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/what_makes_a_hero.

Caught Between Two Worlds the Search for Cultural...

Caught between Two Worlds: The Search for Cultural Identity in Lahiri’s The Namesake Titien Diah Soelistyarini Abstract The question of identity is always a difficult one for those living in one culture, yet belonging to another. This question frequently lingers in the mind of most immigrants, especially the second generations who were born in a country other than their parents’ motherland. They feel culturally displaced as they are simultaneously living in two cultures. On the one hand, they no longer feel emotionally attached and cannot fully identify themselves with their indigenous culture; while on the other hand, when they wish to adopt the identity of the new culture, they have not been fully accepted as its members.†¦show more content†¦In considering the challenges of immigration, as Gupta (2005: 5) suggests, it is important to note that the experience of immigration is a combination of two different sentiments. The first one relates to the life in one’s homeland and the other to the life in the new country. In other words, a new immigrant has to deal with his or he r emotions in two different spheres at the same time – loss of home and adjusting to the new home. Whether the immigration is forced or chosen, almost all immigrants go through a feeling of loss of home. Furthermore, immigration is accompanied by the demands of adjusting to the new country. These sentiments are clearly portrayed in The Namesake which outlines the stark differences between Indians raised in the States trying to embrace parental Indian values while also seeking inclusion in the American way of living. The Namesake, which was also made into a major motion picture in 2007, is an American immigrant saga revolving around a Bengali family living in the United States. The New York Times bestseller novel illustrates the journey of the Gangulis originating from Calcutta going through the motions of cultural adaptation in an unfamiliar land and through two generations of marriage, births, and deaths. The story first details the life of newlyweds Ashima and Ashoke Gangul i who make the drastic move toShow MoreRelatedThe Origin Of The Jews After The Babylonian Exile2317 Words   |  10 Pagesrefers to â€Å"dispersion† so we can say that the word represents a centre called home from where the dispersion occurs. In addition to it the dictionary it also associates the meaning with the dispersion of the Jews after the Babylonian exile. Thus we get two meanings of the word Diaspora- as a spread of population and a forcible dispersal. However the term Diaspora doesn’t mean any nomadic existence, though it suggests a movement from one place to another, but it’s not a nomadic existence because it isRead MoreThe Origin Of The Jews After The Babylonian Exile2320 Words   |  10 Pagesrefers to â€Å"dispersion† so we can say that the word represents a centre called home from where the dispersion occurs. In addition to it the dictionary it also associates the meaning with the dispersion of the Jews after the Babylonian exile. Thus we get two meanings of the word Diaspora- as a spread of population and a forcible dispersal. However the term Diaspora doesn’t mean any nomadic existence, though it suggests a movement from one place to another, but it’s not a nomadic existence because it is

Not Many People Can Write A Proposal Consisting Of Three

Not many people can write a proposal consisting of three thousand three hundred and seventy-six words in which political and economic issues are discussed and given a solution in such a serious yet sarcastic tone, but this is exactly what Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal does. Swift was born in Dublin, Ireland to British parents and as result of this, he yearned to get as far away as he could from the Irish. After he was ordained into the Church of Ireland in 1964, he was exposed to the lives of the poor population. He could not have guessed that in a few years, he would write one of the most political satire pieces in history. A Modest Proposal is so iconic because of its unique tone, the in-depth discussion of the blatant abuse of†¦show more content†¦Swift proposes that â€Å"instead of being a charge upon their parents, or the parish, or wanting food and raiment for the rest of their lives, they shall†¦contribute to the feeding, and partly to the clothin g of many thousands (Schilb Clifford, 2014, p. 64).† According to the research done by Dr. Jonathan Swift, children deplete resources and money like a sponge absorbs water once they are two years old. As a result, the infants should be fattened up during their first year in this world and then sold for profit. Swift’s plan kills two birds with one stone. Overpopulation will be an issue no longer, and by selling the children to the upper class, Ireland’s economy will be booming. The structure of this argument is so compelling that many readers automatically agree with the mass slaughter of thousands of innocent children. If the author had not used such an authoritative tone full of conviction, the reader would have automatically disregarded the immoral proposition to open a market for the consumption of children. Throughout his proposal, Swift included an abundance of satire, which becomes blatantly obvious once the mirage of an informative solution fades. In con clusion, A Modest Proposal presented readers with a far-fetched idea comprised of nonexistent statistics delivered in a convincing, authoritative tone that made the slaughter of thousands of innocent infantsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Salary Cap1365 Words   |  6 Pagesshow the complex nature of this, using a power point presentation was the only way. The other, the free market approach, would be translated easily into the college game. Due to being easier to understand, a paper appealing to the emotional side of people was the best choice. The logistics of the salary cap approach are much more complex than those of the free market. 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Impact Analysis on Enterprise Environment-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Critically evaluate the Impact of Internal and External Factors on Project Management Processes and develop Strategies to Implement appropriate courses of action. Answer: Introduction: The EEF or Enterprise Environmental Factors are influential to the success of the project both internally and externally. It includes the weather conditions, political situations, market conditions, government regulations, culture and so on that has been generally out of control. It has been vital for the project team to manage the EEF effectively since they impact of the projects success. The report is developed on the identified impact analysis of EEF. The report has evaluated the internal and external factors along with the effect on the process of project management. The strategies are developed for imposing the proper course of the actions. Lastly the report includes the communication on the process and results to the various stakeholders. The evaluation of internal and external factors and their effect on the project management processes: The EEF has been always followed and could be in written format. However they are always in action and not in control of the team. The project processes gets influenced by the EEF and never change the EEF. Here the only exception is the managing and development of project team where the skills are built and added to future capability of the organization. The EEF inputs have been showing up as the input to various additional processes. The input denotes the factors external to the project that might or might not have the important effect on the projects success (Chen et al., 2014). As per as the PMBOK Guide, the environmental factors have been including the following. The instances of the external EEF: The government regulations This has been including the features like the regulatory regulations and standards. For example the doctors could be licensed to practice the medicine on the pets and people. It also includes the quality standards like Internal Standards Organization Standards, workmanship standards and the product standards. The market conditions Here the traditional theory of supply and demand is applicable. This also includes the financial and economic factors (Liao et al., 2015). The infrastructure This indicates to the capital equipment and facilities of the organizations. Further, the information technology is also incorporated in the category. The external political conditions It has been concerning the external and internal political influences or situations on the organization or the project. The instances of internal EEF: The organizational culture The organizational culture along with the processes and structure has been influencing the methods to control the project. The human resources It indicates to the current knowledge and skills of the employees. Personnel administration This refers to the guideline to hire, fire, train and the review the performance of the employees. The working authorization system of the organization It has been defining the way how the activities of the projects are being authorized. The above factors are able to influence the methods to control the projects. In few situations this also includes the results of the projects. Here, for instance, let the groups assigned to the project are at junior levels and devoid of any skills, knowledge or experience required to finish the activities of the project. Then it is on the project manager to make sense of the environmental factors of the organization (Fa, 2017). Moreover, they must consider and account for how they have could impact the outcomes and managements of the projects. Development of strategies to implement appropriate course of action: Analyzing the environment: This section of the strategic management includes the market environment or tasks and the societal surroundings. The task environment of the agency has been including the employees, suppliers, local competitors, governments and the other particular associations of groups. Those forces have been directly affecting the organization and also getting affected by that (Ibrahim Masud, 2016). The influences of the societal environment have been influencing the operations on long-terms of the organization. This includes the capital goods, every kind of opportunities and infrastructures. The influences of societal environment according to the long term operation of the organization like the capital goods and every kind of scopes and infrastructures. Further, the internal abilities of the organization like its weaknesses and strengths are analyzed by internal audits (Potocan et al., 2016). The managers are needed to make the analysis of the business and the location or destinations of the business area. Planning direction: This toll has been considering the further direction of the company. This indicates that the determination of the complete direction for the organization. This includes its mission and the formulating the aims to gain the mission and the component of the exercise. Planning strategy: It deals with the determination of the methods to achieve the aims. The various alternative strategies are considered here very often. For example, the tolls of decision making like the simulation, linear programming of game theory and statistics are used to choose the optimal strategy. Implementing strategy: As the strategy is opted, every operations like manufacturing, human resources and marketing has been aligned in such the manner that it was capable of contributing to the effective implementation of the strategies (Shuangyi, Yanan Jinsong, 2015). The control system and information has been set up for monitoring the performance and to undertake proper actions as necessary. The communication on the process of project management and results to various stakeholders: The management on the project communications comprises of the processes as described below. The process of project managements Effects on stakeholders Identification of stakeholders This involves determining the stakeholders impacting on the project. This also involves the documenting the interest level, power, project impact and influence. Plan communications This includes the documenting of the needs of communications of the stakeholders determined in the above process. For planning the project communication with efficiency any stakeholder register is needed. Apart from this, the effective planning of the project communication, it also needs the Stakeholder register and the stakeholder management strategy to get developed. This is to identify the process of the various stakeholders. Distribute information The project management area includes the effective execution of the communication management plan. This put simply, is the process to implement in the communication necessities of the stakeholders (Shuangyi, Yanan Jinsong, 2015). Managing stakeholder expectations This includes the using of different communication methods, ConflictMeeting managing skills and interpersonal skills. This assures that the necessities of the communications of the stakeholders get addressed. It also includes the resolving of various conflicts in the workplace, facilitating the meetings with the stakeholders and creating the trusts. Report Performance This involves the assuring of the progress, performance and forecasting of information communicated to the stakeholders identified. As deduced, the forecasting techniques and the variance analysis are the different primary techniques and tools in the overall process (Shaul Tauber, 2013). The other ones are the reporting methods and the communication methods. The primary output of the process of the performance reports. Conclusion: The main motive of the above report has been to put emphasis on the necessities for the companies to acknowledge the effect of their environments. This in turn has been affecting the organizations on the contexts of Enterprise Environmental Factors. It is seen from the above report that the commercial environment has been primarily characterized by the rise in trend of the globalization. The consumers have been getting used to the concepts of products available for almost unbelievable low expenses. The enterprise environmental factors have been the influences both externally and internally on the project. This involves the financial environment and corporate culture. The ethical environment has been developing. However the transition states have seemed to the applied to the developing economies. This suggests that the norms have been lagging behind the rise of industrialization for the foreseeable future. References: Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Chen, Y., Wang, Y., Nevo, S., Jin, J., Wang, L., Chow, W. S. (2014). IT capability and organizational performance: the roles of business process agility and environmental factors.European Journal of Information Systems,23(3), 326-342. Fa, L. N. (2017, November). Causes analysis on the serious defect of enterprise environmental responsibilityBased on the perspective of law and economics. InIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science(Vol. 93, No. 1, p. 012027). IOP Publishing. Ibrahim, N., Masud, A. (2016). Moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship between entrepreneurial skills, environmental factors and entrepreneurial intention: A PLS approach.Management Science Letters,6(3), 225-236. Li, F., Zhu, L. Y., Zhang, J. D., Liu, C. Y., Qu, Z. G., Xiao, M. S. (2017, January). The application of DEA model in enterprise environmental performance auditing. InIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science(Vol. 52, No. 1, p. 012075). IOP Publishing. Liao, X., Li, H., Yan, W., Liu, L. (2015). Construction of a thermal power enterprise environmental performance evaluation model. InProceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Engineering and Networks(pp. 55-63). Springer, Cham. Potocan, V., Nedelko, Z., Peleckien?, V., Peleckis, K. (2016). Values, environmental concern and economic concern as predictors of enterprise environmental responsiveness.Journal of Business Economics and Management,17(5), 685-700. Pounder, J. (2017). Enterprise risk management in an aged care organisation.Governance Directions,69(9), 532. Rose, K. H. (2013). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)Fifth Edition.Project management journal,44(3). Shaul, L., Tauber, D. (2013). Critical success factors in enterprise resource planning systems: Review of the last decade.ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR),45(4), 55. Shuangyi, Z., Yanan, J., Jinsong, Z. (2015). Enterprise Environmental Management Behavior Influencing Factors under the Construction of the Two-Oriented SocietyStudy on Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development District (China Optical Valley).Science Technology Progress and Policy,11, 016. Smith, K. (2013).Environmental hazards: assessing risk and reducing disaster. Routledge.

Corruption In Famous Last Word Essay Example For Students

Corruption In Famous Last Word Essay War is a horrific experience made worse by those who try to control it for their own advantage. In Famous Last Words, Timothy Findley creates a world of intrigue as he describes the tales of conspiracy and corruption for world domination. That made World War II far worse than it otherwise would have been. This is shown through the relationships of the Duke and Duchess of Windsor, Joachim von Ribbentrop, and Benito Mussolini. The Duke and Duchess of Windsor are prominent people in society, who want more power. The people in the Dukes alliance invited Mr. Coty to join the alliance because, in the Dukes words, From time to time, Monsieur Coty and his friends are useful to us. (141) Although the Duke dislikes this man, he pretends to like him because he needs this man in order for his own selfish schemes to work. The Duke and Duchess of Windsor use their own alliance to gain leadership over the people in Europe, and truly believing they are the right leaders. The Duke says Europe needs, #8230;a new kind of leadersomeone like a flag, whose very presence makes us rise. Not a Mussolini, of who we are afraid. Not a Hitler who drives us to our feet. But an emblem whose magnetism pulls us upward. (180) The Duke sees himself as being more powerful and influential, more of a leader, than either Hitler or Mussolini. He compares his potential leadership to that of a countrys flag- someone people will respect and admir e. He truly believes he can be their new leader and puts himself on a pedestal. The Duke and Duchess posses many secrets. Findley explains how, #8230;an agent of Churchills was playing on Davids Dukes drunkenness to discover how deep his treason ran. (198) The Duke has become very manipulative in his schemes and people want to know what he plans to do next. Thus, the Duke of Windsor was very manipulative and created an alliance where many secrets were kept and where the only benefit of the war and alliance was all his own. Joachim von Ribbentrop is one of Hitlers workers and whom Hitler has much trust in. He creates his own alliance to ensure that he will dominate the world. He does not care what he has to do to get things done his way. Von Ribbentrop explains the importance of his alliance and how it is going to be the means that he will gain the domination he wants. One of Ribbentrops men speaking for him says, .#8230; you bring all the best people in that all the best people in that network you can find, and once you have done that-you begin to make your own world. (137) Von Ribbentrop clearly reveals his selfish ways, in how everyone he associates with is for the advantage of himself and his schemes for world domination. Von Ribbentrop is a very selfish man who is looking out for his own safety and benefit at others expense. You must always remember what it is we want#8230;.and that some of us must fall before we can have it, (263) he says, openly admitting he is prepared to let others fall for his own personal gain. He wants Schellenberg to join forces with him. Von Ribbentrop says to Schellenberg, #8230;I think you and I might do very well together whatever it is youre trying to do alone. So many plots are afoot. We live in a world of intrigue. One has to be careful not to get caught up in the coils of someone elses downfall. (322) Von Ribbentrop knows that the two of them together can be very successful and that they must be sure not to get mixed with the wrong alliances which will bring them down. A very conniving man, von Ribbentrop pretends to care about others but is very much in the game for himself. .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b , .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .postImageUrl , .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b , .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b:hover , .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b:visited , .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b:active { border:0!important; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b:active , .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9a22e434c3a4d888b047fb8c3d7a4d1b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Titanic Essay PaperJoachim von Ribbentrop wants very much so to prevail and is willing to do whatever necessary so that he is not found out about. Ribbentrop planned many times with Isabella Loverso, but later in the novel she says she wants to leave. Ribbentrop afraid she might reveal his plans, kills her. He says, ;#8230;within two days or three at the very most, Isabella Loverso would have told Schellenberg everything there is to know. Bang. It would all be over. (263) He killed Isabellla because she was a threat to him, so he did whatever necessary to ensure she could not hurt him. Von Ribbentrop is always looking for new ways to find out secret information and was doi ng whatever possible to be aware of all that was going on around him. Findley writes, ;#8230;but now von Ribbentrop wanted every bit of information he could get. (228) He becomes friends with important figures to gain information that he can use to his advantage. Von Ribbentrop is working for Adolf Hitler, who in the end will have all the control, but von Ribbentrop is the one who wants control so he can kill Hitler. He says to Rudolf Hess, Hitler must be killed;#8230;.He must. And we must do it.. (236) He realizes Hitler has the power in which he wants so he plans to kill him and take advantage of the situation. In conclusion, von Ribbentrop searches for ways to bring others down for his own personal gain. Benito Mussolini was a very important character in World War II who was both feared and admired. Findley writes of him, What had been a shared ideal became a single man; a god. (160) Mussolini had begun to take over parts of Europe and was a leader and a god to his followers. When two men, Matteoti and Isabellas husband, begin to write about their leader and uncover the truths about him, Mussolini had his men kill them both. Isabella says, I am thinking of how it can be that mere human beings, can be so afraid of the written word they will kill to be rid of it. (166) Mussolini is so corrupt and hungry for power that once someone questions him, or knows too much about his plans they are killed. Mussolini wanted to revolutionize Europe and be its leader so he created his own organization, which worked secretly to gain power and control. Findley writes, But in 1919 they proclaimed their fascist Party, whos name was derived from the groups of workers know as fascibrought together under the hand of Mussolini to agitate for a change in social order. (159) Mussolinis change of social order was to rule over several nations so he could be a powerful leader. He is willing to turn everything upside down. Mussolini is a heartless man or god who creates his own party so that he can rise to power. Throughout this novel the characters get themselves caught in webs of betrayal and corruption so that, at the end of the war, they may prevail and gain total world domination. Through the experiences of the characters it is learned that nobody can get ahead without causing someone elses downfalls. Most importantly, this novel illustrates the selfishness of individuals and shows how people are willing to do whatever they need to ensure that they are solely benefited. This is clearly shown in the novel. Although the Duke, von Ribbentrop and Mussolini employed different schemes and methods, they each tried to achieve the same thing: total world domination. As a result, many peoples lives were lost or changed forever.